1.1 INTRODUCTION :-
The building materials include stones, bricks, lime, cement, concrete, mortar and timber. These materials are discussed, in brief, as follows :
1.2 STONES
The stones are derived from rocks which from the earth’s crust and have no definite shape or chemical composition but are mixture of two or more minerals. The rocks from which stones are obtained may be classified in the following three groups :
1. Geological classification : Geologically , the rocks are classified into three types as follows –
(a) Igneous rocks : The igneous rocks are formed due to the solidification of molten mass laying below or above the earth surface. It has a crystalline glossy or fused texture.
IGNEOUS ROCKS
(b) Sedimentary rocks : The sedimentary rocks are formed due to gradual deposition of materials like sand, clay etc., generally by setting water. These are also called staritified because these rocks are formed in layers. Limestone and sandstone belong to this category of rocks.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
(C) Metamorphic rocks : The metamorphic rocks are formed due to alternation of origina Structure under heat and excessive pressure. Marble is an example of metamorphic rock .
(a) Staratified rocks : The stratified rocks are those which exhibit distinct layers which can be separated. The limestone, slate and sandstone are examples of stratified rocks.
(b) Unstratified rocks : The unstratified rocks are those which don not show any sign of strata and cannot be easily split into slabs. The granite and marble are examples of unstratified rocks.
3. Chemical classification : Chemically,the rocks are classified as follows :
(a) Silicious rocks : The silicious rocks are those which contain silica as the main constituent. The granite, quartzite, gneiss are examples of silicious rocks.
(b) Argillaceous rocks : The argillaceous rocks are thosewhich contain clay or alumina as the main constituent. The slate, laterite, kaoline are the examples of argillaceous rocks.
(c) Calcarious rocks : The calcarious rocks are those which contain lime or calcium carbonate as the main caonstituent. The limestone and marble are the examples of calcarious rocks..
♕ THE NEXT DAY WE WILL DISCUSS "IMPORTANT BUILDING STONES" .
Today so far,we will meet tomorrow again. Thank you everyone will be happy and always keep smiling. ☺☺☺☺☺☺
The building materials include stones, bricks, lime, cement, concrete, mortar and timber. These materials are discussed, in brief, as follows :
1.2 STONES
The stones are derived from rocks which from the earth’s crust and have no definite shape or chemical composition but are mixture of two or more minerals. The rocks from which stones are obtained may be classified in the following three groups :
1. Geological classification : Geologically , the rocks are classified into three types as follows –
(a) Igneous rocks : The igneous rocks are formed due to the solidification of molten mass laying below or above the earth surface. It has a crystalline glossy or fused texture.
(b) Sedimentary rocks : The sedimentary rocks are formed due to gradual deposition of materials like sand, clay etc., generally by setting water. These are also called staritified because these rocks are formed in layers. Limestone and sandstone belong to this category of rocks.
(C) Metamorphic rocks : The metamorphic rocks are formed due to alternation of origina Structure under heat and excessive pressure. Marble is an example of metamorphic rock .
METAMORPHIC ROCK
2. PHYSICAL CLASSIFICATION : Physically, the rocks are classified as follows –(a) Staratified rocks : The stratified rocks are those which exhibit distinct layers which can be separated. The limestone, slate and sandstone are examples of stratified rocks.
(b) Unstratified rocks : The unstratified rocks are those which don not show any sign of strata and cannot be easily split into slabs. The granite and marble are examples of unstratified rocks.
3. Chemical classification : Chemically,the rocks are classified as follows :
(a) Silicious rocks : The silicious rocks are those which contain silica as the main constituent. The granite, quartzite, gneiss are examples of silicious rocks.
(b) Argillaceous rocks : The argillaceous rocks are thosewhich contain clay or alumina as the main constituent. The slate, laterite, kaoline are the examples of argillaceous rocks.
(c) Calcarious rocks : The calcarious rocks are those which contain lime or calcium carbonate as the main caonstituent. The limestone and marble are the examples of calcarious rocks..
♕ THE NEXT DAY WE WILL DISCUSS "IMPORTANT BUILDING STONES" .
Today so far,we will meet tomorrow again. Thank you everyone will be happy and always keep smiling. ☺☺☺☺☺☺
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